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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgimopravo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Право и управление. XXI век</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of Law and Administration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-8420</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-5736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2073-8420-2020-1-54-14-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgimopravo-166</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE TOPICAL ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Натурализм и политическая наука: адаптация к неклассической картине мира</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Naturalism and political science: adaptation to the non-classical world picture</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6561-2281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Татьяна Александровна, доктор философских наук, профессор, Заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заведующий кафедрой политической теории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Alekseeva, Dr. of Philosophy, Professor, Honored Scholar of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Political theory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ataleks@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-7885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минеев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mineyev</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минеев Александр Петрович, кандидат физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры политической теории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr P. Mineyev, Dr of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Department of Political Theory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mineyev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO-University under the MFA of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алексеева Т.А., Минеев А.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Т.А., Минеев А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseeva T.A., Mineyev A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mgimopravo.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/166">https://mgimopravo.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/166</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из важнейших достижений человечества стало признание системного единства естественнонаучного и социального познания. Признание этого, однако, имело место отнюдь не всегда. Это весьма наглядно проявилось в истории становления и развития политических наук, которые на разных этапах бросались из крайности в крайность, то отожествляя свои методы с естественнонаучными, то претендуя на собственную уникальность, а то и универсальность. С точки зрения методологии эти вопросы приобрели особенно важное значение на фоне новой неклассической картины мира, однако адаптация политических наук к новому типу мышления сталкивается с изрядными трудностями.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы исследования</title><p>Методы исследования. Основной метод исследования – сравнительный анализ вариантов сопряжения философско-субстантивных (онтологических и эпистемологических) и политико-прикладных способов исследования политических и международно-политических процессов и явлений. Кроме того, применялся интерпретативный подход.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Рассмотрение наиболее важных подходов к исследованию политических и международных процессов показывает, что восприятие новых постулатов неклассической и постнеклассической картины мира в сфере познания политического сталкивается с изрядными трудностями. Наряду с сохранением влияния чисто механистического подхода имели место попытки обращения к отдельным элементам новых картин мира, в частности, к квантовой физике, биологии, использования фактора случайности, отказа от причинно-следственных моделей. Однако в большинстве случаев можно говорить не столько о трансляции методов и подходов из естественных наук в политические, сколько попытках выстраивания «слабых» вариантов теорий или некоего подобия (например, квантовоподобных) теорий), хотя в целом политические науки, равно как и другие социальные науки все же стремятся развиваться в духе времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение и заключение</title><p>Обсуждение и заключение. Адаптация политических наук к новым научным картинам мира неизбежна, но по определению ограничена: при всем единстве знания как такового их методы и инструменты весьма различны и даже в процессе приспособления претерпевают столь значительные изменения и упрощения, что зачастую сохраняют лишь наименования и имитацию методологии других наук. И все же как минимум придется идти параллельным курсом. Но некоторая осторожность здесь все же не помешает.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the greatest achievements of the humanity is obviously the recognition of the systematic unity of the natural and social knowledge. However, this recognition was not constant. The emergence, development and history of political sciences reflected it rather evidently, tending to go from one extreme to another – from identifying its methods with those of positive science to pretending to be unique or even universal. All these questions acquired special importance in the new non-classical world, but the adaptation of political sciences to a new type of thinking meets considerable difficulties.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods of study</title><p>Methods of study. The main method of the study is comparative analysis of the variations to connect philosophical and substantive (ontological and epistemological) tools with political and applied ones of researching political and international political processes and phenomena. Moreover, the authors also used the interpretation approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis of the most significant approaches towards the political and international processes demonstrate that the acceptance of the new postulates of non-classical and post-nonclassical pictures of the world is quite complicated. Simultaneously with the preservation of the pure mechanistic, approach some of the elements of the new world pictures were taken from quantum physics, biology. The chance factor and the rejection of the casual relationships were also taken into consideration. Nevertheless, it is better to speak not about the transfer of the methods and approaches from natural to political sciences, but about the attempts to build “weak” theories or analogues of theories (for instance, quantum-like theories). Nevertheless, generally speaking, political as well as other social sciences tend to be developing capturing the zeitgeist.</p><p>Discussion and Conclusions. The adaptation of political sciences to new scientific pictures of the world is inevitable, but limited by definition: for all unity of knowledge as such, their methods and tools are very different and even undergo such significant changes and simplifications in the process of adaptation that they often retain only the names and imitations of the methodologies of other sciences. And yet, at least we have to go in parallel. But some caution here would not hurt at all.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>научная картина мира</kwd><kwd>«классическая» картина мира</kwd><kwd>«неклассическая картина мира»</kwd><kwd>позитивизм</kwd><kwd>квантовый подход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scientific world picture</kwd><kwd>“classical” world picture</kwd><kwd>non-classical world picture</kwd><kwd>positivism</kwd><kwd>quantum attitude</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Т.А. Теория международных отношений как политическая философия и наука. М., 2019.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseeva T.A., 2019. Teoriya mejdunarodnyh otnoshenij kak politicheskaya filosofiya i nauka [Theory of International Relations as political philosophy and science]. 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