Ethno-political challenges: reflection in the theoretical discourse and tools of state national policy
https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-1-54-42-50
Abstract
Introduction. The multilayered and contradictory development of the world, countries and regions against the backdrop of the consequences of globalization and international confrontation complicates the formulation and solution of internal management tasks, the choice of the optimal strategy and tactics for responding to rapidly changing situations, or, conversely, attempts to revive archaic institutions that reject the values of intercivilization dialogue. The purpose of this article is to identify and evaluate the place of the ethno-political challenges among the tools of the state national policy of the Russian Federation evidenced with relevant strategic planning documents.
Materials and methods. The research was based on the study of official documents of the Russian Federation in the framework of the goal-setting and contextual analysis of political discourse, taking into account the concept of articulation. Methods of systematic and comparative analysis, political diagnostics were also used.
The results of the research. The analysis made it possible to detect a significant, but not absolute correlation in the interpretation of ethno-political challenges for Russia in the considered strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the meaning-forming plots of the official discourse in the ethno-political perspective have a largely conservative essence, referring to traditional values, preserving the identity of Russia as a civilization. Simultaneously it emphasizes the rejection of insularity, isolation, calls for activity in the international stage in various formats, for internal transformations. A certain coincidence of priority tasks in the context of actualized challenges in the field of interethnic relations, regional and spatial development of the country is revealed.
Discussion and conclusions. The necessity of clarifying some of the provisions of the current strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation and of eliminating bottlenecks in them that do not agree with the modern discursive practices and the needs of managing the ethno-political sphere is substantiated. The authors proposed measures for improving the legislative support of ethnological examination, its practical implementation, expanding sociological and ethno-political monitoring with the integration of structures at the federal and regional levels and increasing attention to the local (municipal) level, early diagnosis and prevention of conflict situations, support for domestic culture and art, moral shaping of the elite and the training of personnel reserve in the spirit of awareness of belonging to the all-Russian civil nation.
About the Authors
I. V. BakhlovRussian Federation
Igor V. Bakhlov, Doctor of Political Science, Head of Department of General History, Political Science and Area Studies, National Research Center
O. V. Bakhlova
Russian Federation
Olga V. Bakhlova, Doctor Political Science, Professor with the Department of General History, Political Science and Area Studies, National Research Center
References
1. Bogatova, O.A., 2018. Nacionaliziruyushchij diskurs v mediapolitike identichnosti respublik v sostave RF (na primere Respubliki Mordoviya) [Nationalizing discourse in media policy of identity of republics within the Russian Federation (on the example of the Republic of Mordovia)]. Vestnik Rossijskoj nacii [Bulletin of the Russian nation]. No. 2(60). S. 140-162.
2. Byzov, L.G., 2016. Cennostnaya transformaciya rossijskogo obshchestva na fone social’no-politicheskogo krizisa i postkrymskogo sindroma [Transformational Processes of the Russian Companies on the Background of Socio-political Crisis and postkrymsky Syndrome]. Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost’ [Social Sciences and modernity]. No. 6. S. 5-20.
3. Gadzhiev, K.S. 2018. Rossijskaya Federaciya: nacional’noe gosudarstvo ili gosudarstvo narodov? [Russian Federation: national state or state of peoples?]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 3. S. 130-146.
4. Zaykov, K.S., Maksimov, A.M., Tamitskiy, A.M., Troshina, T.I., 2018. Etnosocial’naya situaciya v arkticheskih regionah Rossii i gosudarstvennaya nacional’naya politika [Ethnosocial Situation in Arctic Regions of Russia and the State National Policy]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 2. S. 57-67.
5. Zorin, V.Yu., 2018. Strategiya gosudarstvennoj nacional’noj politiki Rossijskoj Federacii: promezhutochnye itogi i novye orientiry [Strategy of the state national policy of the Russian Federation: interim results and new guidelines]. Vestnik Rossijskoj nacii [Bulletin of the Russian nation]. No. 1(59). S. 13-30.
6. Zorin, V.Yu., 2019. Rossijskaya etnopolitika na sovremennom etape: tradicii i innovacii [The Russian ethnopolicy at the present stage: traditions and innovations]. Vestnik Rossijskoj nacii [Bulletin of the Russian nation]. No. 2(66). S. 9-33.
7. Klimenko, E.V., 2015. Integraciya i razlichiya. O grazhdanskoj nacii v Rossii [Integration of the Diversity. Formation of the Civic Nation in Russia]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 6. S. 131-143.
8. Kurbanova, A.M., 2018. Ideologicheskie osnovy formirovaniya nacional’noj i konfessional’noj politiki Rossii na Severnom Kavkaze [Ideological foundations for the formation of Russia’s national and confessional policy in the North Caucasus]. Vestnik Rossijskoj nacii [Bulletin of the Russian nation]. No. 2(60). S. 128-139.
9. Letnyakov, D.E., 2018. Politiko-ideologicheskie trendy postsovetskih obshchestv: popytka obobshcheniya [Political and ideological trends of post-Soviet societies: an attempt to generalize]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 1. S. 129-142.
10. Pain, E.A., Prostakov, S.A., 2014. Mnogolikij russkij nacionalizm. Idejno-politicheskie raznovidnosti (2010–2014 gg.) [Multi-faceted Russian nationalism. Ideological and political versions (2010–2014)]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 4. S. 96-113.
11. Prokhorenko, I.L., 2016. Vozmozhnosti prostranstvennogo podhoda v izuchenii etnopoliticheskoj konfliktnosti [Possibilities of Spatial Approach in Analysis of Ethnopolitical Conflicts]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 6. S. 127-138.
12. Rybakov, S.V., 2016. Strategiya gosudarstvennoj nacional’noj politiki v Rossii v prelomlenii sovremennoj nauchnoj metodologii [Strategy of state national policy in Russia in the refraction of modern scientific methodology]. Etnosocium i mezhnacional’naya kul’tura [Ethnosocial and ethnic culture]. No. 10(100). S. 15-23.
13. Semenenko, I.S., Lapkin, V.V., Bardin, A.L., Pantin, V.I., 2017. Mezhdu gosudarstvom i naciej: dilemmy politiki identichnosti na postsovetskom prostranstve [Between the state and the nation: dilemmas of identity politics in the post-Soviet space]. Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya [Polis. Political studies]. No. 5. S. 54-78.
14. Sulejmanov, A.R., Hadimullin, R.R., 2016. Indeksy ocenki effektivnosti gosudarstvennoj nacional’noj politiki v rossijskih regionah [Indices for evaluating the effectiveness of state national policy in Russian regions]. Etnosocium i mezhnacional’naya kul’tura [Ethnosocial and ethnic culture]. No. 6(96). S. 69-74.
15. Suleymanova, Sh.S., 2019. Rol’ SMI i nacional’nyh obshchestvennyh ob”edinenij v realizacii Strategii nacional’noj politiki [The role of media and national public associations in implementing the Strategy of national policy]. Voprosy nacional’nyh i federativnyh otnoshenij [Issues of national and Federal relations]. Volume 9. No. 7(52). S. 994-1005.
16. Sungurov, A.Yu., Belyavskaya N., 2018. Postsovetskie territorial’nye konflikty v Moldove i Estonii: kogda politicheskie elity mogut uchit’sya na oshibkah drug druga [Post-Soviet territorial conflicts in Moldova and Estonia: when political elites can learn from the mutual mistakes]. Sravnitel’naya politika [Comparative politics]. Volume 9. No. 1. S. 91-99.
17. Tishkov, V.A., 2019. Rossijskaya identichnost’: vnutrennie i vneshnie vyzovy [Russia’s identity: grand challenges]. Vestnik Rossijskoj Akademii nauk [Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Volume 89. No. 4. S. 408-412.
18. Urazbaev, Е.Е., 2017. Etnonacional’naya politika v Latvii i Estonii v kontekste institucionalizacii nacionalizma [Ethnjpolitics in Latvia and Estonia in the context of the institutionalization of nationalism]. Vlast’ [The Authority]. Volume 25. No. 6. S. 146-152.
19. Gisselquist, R.M., 2014. Ethnic Divisions and Public Goods Provision, Revisited. Ethnic and racial studies. Volume 37. No. 9. P. 1605-1627.
20. Jenne, E K., 2017. Above, Below and Beyond the State: New Directions in Ethnic Conflict Studies. Ethnopolitics. Volume 16. No. 1. P. 48-55.
21. Kolstø, P., Blakkisrud, H., eds., 2016. The New Russian Nationalism: Imperialism, Ethnicity and Authoritarianism 2000–2015. Edinburgh.
22. Laruelle, M., 2017. Is Nationalism a Force for Change in Russia? Daedalus. Volume 146. No. 2. P. 89-100.
23. Parekh, Bh., 2019. Ethnocentric Political Theory. London.
24. Prina, F., 2018. National in Form, Putinist in Content: Minority Institutions ‘Outside Politics’. Europe-Asia Studies. Volume 70. No. 8. P. 1236-1263.
25. Wimmer, A., 2018. Nation Building: Why Some Countries Come Together While Others Fall Apart. Survival. Volume 60. No. 4. P. 151-164.
Review
For citations:
Bakhlov I.V., Bakhlova O.V. Ethno-political challenges: reflection in the theoretical discourse and tools of state national policy. Journal of Law and Administration. 2020;16(1):42-50. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-1-54-42-50