ENSURING SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE INFORMATION AND CYBER SPACE: LEGAL, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Introduction. The issue of ensuring state security, including security in the information sphere, is critical in the current conditions for the development of global information space, which is determined by the country’s long-term national interests in protecting interests of society, individuals and state from external and internal information threats. Ensuring state security in information sphere is becoming significantly relevant in connection with the increased number of cyber attacks, cyber espionage, theft of information, disclosure of information constituting state secrets, interference with privacy, etc. Protection of world community and countries from the use of information space by terrorist groups for criminal purposes, the use of information technologies for military or peaceful purposes by influencing mass consciousness are particularly important. The goal of the research is to explore law, political, economic mechanisms, and specifics of the countries’ approaches to ensuring state security in the information space. Materials and methods. The implementation of the research tasks was achieved through the study of official documents, including Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation (2016), Cybersecurity Strategy of the USA (2015), UNGA Resolution No. 55/63 of 4 December 2000 “Combating the Criminal Use of Information Technologies”, Convention Council of Europe on Cybercrime (2001). The research methodology is based on system approach; law and statistical methods. Results. The article analyzes approaches to ensuring security in the global information space - cyber security and information security; contains analysis of world trends in the field of cyber defense, Russian market of information security; comprehensive analysis of the American approach to ensuring cyber security and ensuring system of information security in Russia; threats to Russia’s information security and the USA’s cyber security. Discussions and conclusion. Today threats related to the use of ICT for military-political and military-strategic purposes come from global information space, and in recent years, they have become a powerful destabilizing factor that determines the focus of international relations. This requires the development of a legal framework and an international system for monitoring the global information security.

security, information space, information security, cyber security, means and mechanisms of information security ensuring, RF, USA

1. Beskaravajnyj M.M., Tatuzov A.L., 2014. Kiberbezopasnost’ – podhody k opredeleniyu ponyatiya [Сybersecurity - approaches to concept definition]. Voprosy kiberbezopanosti [The Issues of Сybersecurity]. № 1.

2. Bulavin A.V., 2014. O podhodah SSHA i Kitaya k obespecheniyu kiberbezopasnosti [US and China approaches to cybersecurity support]. Obshchestvo: politika, ehkonomika, pravo [Society: Politics, Economics, Law]. № 1.

3. Doktrina informacionnoj bezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii [Doctrine of informational security] / Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 5.12.2016 № 646. URL: http://kremlin.ru.

4. Informacionnaya bezopasnost’ (mirovoj rynok) [Informational Security (world market)] 2017/07/05. URL: http:// www.tadviser.ru.

5. Informacionnaya bezopasnost’ (rynok Rossii) [Informational Security (Russian market)]. 2016/12/15. URL: http:// www.tadviser.ru.

6. Kamolov S.G., 2017. Digital public governance: trends and risks. Giornale di storia costituzionale [The Journal of Constitutional History]. Vol. 33. № 1.

7. Karasev P.A., 2016. Politika bezopasnosti SSHA v global’nom informacionnom prostranstve [American security policy in global informational space]: diss. ... kand. polit. nauk: 23.00.04. Moscow.

8. Korotchenko S.E., Listopad M.E., 2016. Razvitie informacionnoj bezopasnosti Rossii na sovremennom ehtape [The development of Russian informational security in the modern period]. Vestnik NGIEHI. № 9 (64).

9. Kempe F. Risk Nexus Overcome by cyber risks? Economic benefits and costs of alternate cyber futures. URL: http:// publications.atlanticcouncil.org.

10. Pavlyuk A.V., 2017. Administrativno-pravovoe regulirovanie ehkonomiki Rossijskoj Federacii v usloviyah ehkonomicheskih sankcij [Administrative and legal regulation of the economy of the Russian Federation in the conditions of economic sanctions]. Probely v rossijskom zakonodatel’stve [The Gaps in Russian Law]. № 5.

11. Makarenko G., 2015. Pentagon obnovil strategiyu kiberbezopasnosti s uchetom rossijskoj ugrozy [The Pentagon renews Сybersecurity strategy subject to Russian threat]. 25.04. URL: http://www.rbc.ru.

12. Panasenko A. 48% IT-rukovoditelej ne schitayut obespechenie IB prioritetnym napravleniem [48% IT- managers don’t consider IS support as priority direction]. URL: https://www.anti-malware.ru.

13. Rezolyuciya GA OON ot 4.12.2000 № 55/63 «Bor’ba c prestupnym ispol’zovaniem informacionnyh tekhnologij» [Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [on the report of the Third Committee (A/55/593)] 55/63. “Combating the criminal misuse of information technologies”]. URL: http://www.un.org.

14. Kostennikov M.V., Kurakin A.V., Pavlyuk A.V., 2014. K voprosu o ponyatii i metodah gosudarstvennogo upravleniya v administrativnom prave [Approach to the subject of public administration concept and method in administrative law]. NB: Administrativnoe pravo i praktika administrirovaniya [NB: Administrative law and administration practice]. № 2.

15. Strategii kiberbezopasnosti Rossijskoj Federacii (proekt koncepcii) ot 10.01.2014 [Strategies of cybersecurity of the Russian Federation]. URL: http://www.council.gov.ru.

16. Tkachyov I., Fejnberg A. Sekretnye raskhody byudzheta po bezopasnosti stanut rekordnymi za 12 let [Secret security expenses of budget will reach a record figure for the twelve years]. URL: http://www.rbc.ru.

17. Kamolov S.G., 1998. Problemy razvitiya ehksporta Rossii v perekhodnyj period [The topical issues of Russian export development in period of transition]. Dissertaciya na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni kandidata ehkonomicheskih nauk. Moscow.

18. U.S. National Security Strategy 2015. P. 7, 12–13. National Security Strategy Archive. URL: http://nssarchive.us.

19. Yengibaryan, R., 2017. The institution of presidency in the USA. Giornale di Storia Costituzionale [The Journal of Constitutional History]. Volume 33. Issue 1.

20. Yengibaryan, R., 2014. Ethnicity and citizenship as key factors shaping human personality and behavior. Giornale di Storia Costituzionale [The Journal of Constitutional History]. Volume 27.

21. Savostova T.L., 2016. Gosudarstvennaya kadrovaya politika i innovatsionnoe razvitie Rossii: kontseptual’nye podkhody: monografiya. [State personnel policy and innovative development of Russia: conceptual approaches/ monograph]. Moscow.

22. Savostova T.L., Biryukov A.L., 2016. Institutsional’nye mekhanizmy strategicheskogo partnerstva Rossii i Kitaya: innovatsionnaya integratsiya [Institutional Mechanisms for the Strategic Partnership Between Russia and China: The Innovative Integration]. Ekonomika v promyshlennosti [Economy in the industry]. No. 2. April –June.