Introduction. The Union State of Belarus and Russia is one of the privileged integration formats for the Russian Federation. However the Union State and the participating countries are under pressure caused by internal and external challenges including those rooted in the political dimension. The lack of the union-level political community and the weak institutionalization of public support for the Russian-Belarusian integration increase their danger. The purpose of this article is to identify the specifics of the perception of the Union State by the political parties of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus as an integration format taking into account the key vectors of the state integration policy articulated by them.

Materials and methods. The main research methods include comparison, traditional and formal­ized study of documents. The research is based on the program texts of the political parties of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus – their of­ficial programs and charters, election documents, as well as their party websites and mass media.

The results of the research. The analysis of these materials made it possible to characterize the dominants and constants of the party discourse in Russia and Belarus, to show the similar and distinc­tive features in it. The major issues concerning the integration policy,recorded in party documents are shown. Special attention is paid to the parties rep­resented in the national parliaments as having the greatest legal opportunities to influence the adop­tion of integration decisions. Almost all of these parties can be considered as pro-integration ones. At the same time, the limited political functionality of the parties in both countries and the lack of posi­tions on issues of integration policy and prospects for the development of Russian-Belarusian integra­tion elaborated in detail in the party programs are emphasized. The interest in the Union State in the party programs as a whole is inferior to the interest in the Eurasian integration.

Discussion and conclusions. The necessity of increasing the political functionality of Russian and Belarusian parties as agents of union construc­tion is substantiated. The mechanisms of the federal and regional levels that allow Russian parties to become more active in this capacity are articulated. The trends in the evolution of the party system of the Republic of Belarus are revealed, which allow us to predict a relative improvement in the prospects for creating new pro-integration parties and promot­ing inter-party diplomacy with the participation of the leading parties of the Russian Federation in line with the public diplomacy of the Union State.

Introduction. The article analyzes the pros­pects for the development of the green banking taxonomy in Russia, its goals and significance for solving environmental and social problems.

The authors examine in detail the tools of green finance, such as green investment accounts, digi­talization products, such as the Internet and on­line banking, special bank cards, climate or envi­ronmental/green bonds. The authors also reveal the legal nature of the gradual formation and develop­ment of the taxonomy of "green banking" at the in­ternational and national level.

Materials and methods. The study uses in­ternational documents of the United Nations and the European Union on the environment, the work of reputable scientists that address the issues of green banking and green finance tools. The meth­odological basis of the research is based on inter­related techniques, means and methods of cognition of social phenomena. The study uses such general scientific methods and methods of cognition as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, analogy, comparison. In the course of this study, special attention was paid, in particular, to the method of comparative law, to the system and func­tional approaches, and also the formal legal method was used.

The authors relying on the system analysis, reveal the process of taxonomy development and identifies its principles, goals and objectives.

The results of the study. As a result of the analysis, the authors conclude that most business entities mistakenly believe that the consequences of climate change are relevant only in the long term, however, with the emergence of information about the global nature of the potential financial consequences of climate change, this approach is gradually changing in the direction of investors’ increasing attention to projects in green banking, in connection with which we can offer the following recommendations for the formation of the green fi­nance market and the development of environmen­tal management in the banking sector:

1. Development and implementation of regu­latory documents containing the rules and condi­tions for working with green finance instruments, which include green bonds, green loans and green project financing.
2. Creating a system of economic and social incentives from the state to increase the attrac­tiveness of green finance, including compensating banks for the difference between market rates on loans and the lower cost of green loans
3. Allocation of a separate section on the Moscow Exchange for the circulation of green gov­ernment and corporate securities.
4. Enhancing international cooperation in the field of environmentally sustainable finance

Discussion and conclusion. The materials of this article substantiate the stages and historical roots of the formation of green banking, as well as the specific tasks of the taxonomy for banks and fi­nancial institutions. The authors comes to the con­clusion that the tools of green finance are:

- climate or environmental/green bonds. Among the most popular areas of investment are projects aimed at the development of alternative energy sources, low-carbon transport, and energy efficiency;

- green lending, for example, green mort­gages are housing loans that meet certain environ­mental standards. Green lending is not limited to housing construction alone. Bank loans designed to finance sustainable projects are also used in agri­culture, industry and the service sector;

- special bank cards. For example, Pochta Bank offers to issue a Green World bank card to a savings account. When paying with a card for every 4,000 rubles spent, the bank finances the planting of one tree in one of the country's national parks. At the same time, the client receives an electronic certificate indicating the location of the planted trees;

- the tools of green banking can also include products in the field of digitalization, such as the Internet and online banking.

Introduction. The article describes the principles of building state policy for the implementation of sustainable development goals in the Republic of Belarus. The authors analyse the compliance of the Belarusian national legislation with the principles of effective public administration in the interests of sustainable development.

Material and methods. The study is based on general scientific and special methods. In view of the nature of the researched issues, the comparative research of the legal base of the Republic of Belarus, as well as analogy were of particular importance. Much attention was paid to the analysis of the National Concept of Sustainable Development of the Republic of Bela­rus until 2035 and the Roadmap for the implementation of the SDGs in the Republic of Belarus.

Results. The effectiveness of public administration should be assessed by the fol­lowing parameters: security, international recognition, the ability of the state to pro­vide access to quality education and health care, the ability to involve the regions, the ability to provide basic infrastructure (transport capabilities, registration, statistics), the ability to replenish the treasury – taxation, the ability to organize management: the structure of public administration, procedures and selection of management person­nel, rational consumption of goods and services, maximum conservation of ecosystems in the process of natural resource management, cooperation with international part­ners and international organizations, development of integration processes with the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Discussion and Conclusions. Today it is necessary to take into consideration that both Belarus and Russia are involved in the implementation of the UN SDGs as part of the implementation of the Union State project. So, it is extremely important to harmonize our approaches, including in matters of effective public administration. And it is necessary to introduce common criteria for evaluating efficiency, which can have a positive effect through the synergy of both systems, to coordinate public admin­istration in both countries. In addition, joint implementation, and preparation of joint projects in terms of improving public administration should be carried out.

Introduction: The article analyzes the basic principles of an ef­fective public administration in the interests of sustainable develop­ment, lists the legislative acts confirming the commitment to these principles. Also, special attention is paid to the state programs for the implementation of the SDGs in the Republic of Moldova, to the special state bodies that are engaged in the implementation of the SDGs and their goals, as well as to the areas in which the Republic of Moldova cooperates with international organizations in relation to the SDGs. At the end of the article, the authors describe the main problems faced by the Government of the country in implementing the Principles of Effective Public Administration in the Interests of Sustainable Development and achieving the Sus­tainable Development Goals.

Methods and materials: The research methodology is based on the following general scientific and special methods of cognition: the method of system-structural analysis, comparative, and formal-logical method.

The article analyzes the materials and data provided by the national institutes of the Republic of Moldova, as well as the data and materials of international organizations, including: the United Nations, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund, the In­ternational Organization for Migration, the International Labour Organization, etc.

Results: As a result of the study, it became clear that the Republic of Moldova is actively working towards the implementation of the principles of effective public administration in the interests of sustainable development of Moldova. Despite the difficulties faced by the Republic of Moldova, the country still managed to achieve significant results in this area. The documents adopted at the state level contributed to achieving the goals and meeting the main requirements for the pace and quality of economic development in the period up to 2030.

By 2030, Moldova is expected to become a country where poverty and corruption are eliminated, inequality is reduced, social inclusion and cohesion are strengthened, so that "no one is left behind", a country where human rights, gender equality and women's empowerment, the rule of law, environmental sustainability and the well-being of the population are respected and promoted.

Discussion and conclusions. In its ambition to achieve SDGS, the Republic of Moldova is facing a myriad of challenges. Despite the fact that significant progress was registered, there is still a lot of work to do at all levels of public administration. Moreover, it is also essential to enhance the system for SDGs implementation moni­toring and evaluation. This 2030 Agenda requires a profound change that goes beyond the economic and political situation of the country. Moldova will achieve the key in­dicators of sustainable development and become a favourable country for the life of its citizens if only it will promote economic development policies of the country.

Introduction. In 2021 the labor market takes on a new format. Under the influence of various factors, a new social and labor platform “Trud” is being formed. The COVID-19 virus pandemic has dealt a devastating blow to the economy and the world of work in all countries and in the world in particular, causing triple consequences for eco­nomic growth - a supply shock, a demand shock, and an international trade shock. Three main phe­nomena of our time - demography - XXI, globaliza­tion - XXI and "Industry 4.0" have changed and continue to radically change the world of econom­ics, institutions and the world of society [18]. Digi­talization, virtualization of the economy, its hybrid nature, the emergence of various modifications - platform economy, on-demand economy, general consumption economy, gig economy - transform not only the social and labor space [19]. Changes are taking place in the entire social structure of the economy and society, the classic lines between pro­ducers and consumers, workers and employers are being erased; the former polarity of relations and interdependence between the owners of labor and owners of capital is changing. Thus, the social stra­tum of the new digital economy and network socie­ty is acquiring the character of non-classical, atypi­cal, dynamic and unstable forms. The whole system of social and labor relations in the labor market is becoming the same. In the short term, in the econ­omy and society as a whole, under the influence of information and communication and other break­through technologies, the growth of the availability of digital infrastructure, certain changes will occur in the labor market, in this connection, the article highlights groups of technologies that will signifi­cantly affect it: cognitive technologies, cloud tech­nologies, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, Internet of things, Big Date, blockchain, quantum technologies, neurotechnologies, virtual reality technologies. It has been proven that technologies have already rapidly entered human life, radically changing the conditions of life, motivational at­titudes, and the value of forming the competitive­ness of labor resources. Thus, the transformations taking place in the social and labor sphere under the influence of information and communication technologies, network systems, other resources and institutions of the new digital economy are a com­plete, comprehensive transformation of values, mo­tivational attitudes, hierarchies, sources of develop­ment, resource structure, forms and technologies. interaction, forms and scale of employment, level, structure, income differentiation.

Materials and methods. The study was car­ried out on the basis of the following methodologi­cal framework, namely: an integrated approach, a systematic approach, methods of comparative, situational analysis and synthesis, a method of abstract-logical assessment, a method of concre­tization, methods of detailing, typology, grouping, systematization and generalization, induction and deduction, methods of statistical analysis, graphi­cal method.

Research results. As a result of the study, an assessment was made of the potential for intra-in­dustry polarization, taking into account the use of information and communication technologies (here­inafter - ICT). It has been proven that information and communication technologies replace individual tasks that are performed by people; respectively, in the market the share of highly qualified experts as well as low-skilled service personnel will increase.

The proportion of workers who used ICT in their activities is identified. It was determined that in Russia the maximum number of workers who used ICT in their professional activities were employed in the fields of information and telecommunica­tions, as well as scientific and technical activities. Indicators of the share of workers who used ICTs that were close to the average for Russia were noted in industry, the minimum use of ICTs was in the field of transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities, in the field of water supply. As a result, this made it possible to identify a number of enter­prises with the maximum potential for introducing the latest breakthrough technologies and for refor­matting the structure of the employed population.

Discussion and conclusion. The role of the skills and competencies of workers necessary for the formation of competitive labor resources and over­coming various challenges in the labor market is revealed. A core of skills and competencies for effec­tive employment is proposed based on the O*NET content model. It has been proved that promoting the development of non-routine skills is the most relevant strategy for the formation of the competi­tiveness of labor resources in the context of digital and post-viral trends in the transformation of so­ciety. Non-routine social skills related to employee interpersonal interactions and social perception are complemented by ICT applications, with the aim of empowering human capabilities with technology.